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Paiwan Kuljaljau ‘Dutch-Song' Is In Fact 1887 Hokkien 'Song of Admonition to the Indigenous' 勸番歌 - No More Killing 莫抬郎(刣人)

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The Inti Raymi (Sun Festival) @Cusco Peru  Modern reenactment established after 400-years Spanish ban. The use of palanquin (a sign of supreme divinity) was used to transport the  Sapa Inca  (the emperor).   Hypothesis Validation - it's time to look into validation values for the 21st century.  Before prolific 'unsubstantiated claims and inventions' lost theirs.  At least - stop and think about it. Painstaking hard work - yes. 'Paiwan Wedding' by  Sakuliu Pavavalun  (replica photo at an indigenous fair Taipei) Sound-based loanwords  -  Loanwords adopted into a new language where the phonetic sounds are kept (adapted and modified into the target language) but not the original meaning of the words.  I have seen Sound-Based Loanwords a widespread method under indigenous language revitalizations. Atayalic language group being prolific users.  HERE   HERE   Part I  抬轎 (Sedan chair lift) and  Seqalu  斯卡羅 (The...

Ami/Yami - People of the Sea (Umiうみ) (Hypothesis-Validation Value)

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  7-8th century local people, custom and tradition @Shimane  𡷊根  Museum Fuki 款冬 (seen in photo 2)   has been promoted a Sediq tradition - an obvious Japanese influence. Mentioned  HERE .  Hypothesis Validation - it's time to look into validation values for the 21st century.  Before prolific 'unsubstantiated claims and inventions' lost theirs.  At least - stop and think about it. Painstaking hard work - yes. Ami/Yami - ‘People of the Sea’ 'People of the Coast' Sea or Ocean- Umi うみ  海 Shima - Island 𡷊 Shimane 𡷊根 Ask indigenous people today what their group name means - the standard answer is ‘People’ or the synonymous 'Truly Human' 'We' 'Human'. Amis, for example, also been claimed meaning ‘north’ or ‘slave’ under both indigenous and academic proposed ethnonym.  I reckon - much to do with umi うみ  海  - based on 1930s Japanese reports . And most possibly ‘mi’ means sea. People of the Sea. People of the Coast (Island). Shim...

Sugar (Taiwan), Oyster (Britain) Industrial Railway Tidbits

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The history of the Colchester oyster dates back to Roman times.  Off-season oyster beds. Smelly discarded shells. @Colchester Oyster Fishery 2023 At Horse-New-Year lunch, we talked about our mutual friend Dafydd’s new book - " The Twilight Years of Taiwan’s Sugar Railways" and conversations went quite interesting -  Hawaii’s Sugar Trains On Narrow-Gauge Rails We all think an amazing and relatively unknown fact is - Taiwan’s narrow-gauge railway built in 1907 adopted the (successful) transport method from Hawaii . Then I remembered a bottle of some  'Sugar from Northern Taiwan' I was shown at Kew Gardens London - Entry in 1882 by a Brit Thomas Watters (who also sent Formosa tea - entry in 1882).  And of course on the subject matter here is Tamsui's miniature railway system which served Tamsui-Sanzi (淡水 - 三芝) during Japanese colonial era.  Thomas Watters (1840-1901), who had joined the British Consular service in 1863, was Robert Swinhoe 's Consular Assistant a...

Catayo/Etayu 塔塔悠/達戈紋 - How Did (Over 100-Years) This Word Spread from South, West, to North and East ? The Extinct Dog?? (Note 297)

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  How did this word ethatao (Dutch Georgius Candidius 1627) spread from South ( Siraya ) all across Western plains-indigenous ( Pazeh ) to North ( Basay/Ketagalan ) and East ( Amis/Kavalan ) over 100 years?  👉Because of the now extinct long white-hair dogs roaming in the village?? Ethatao  塔塔悠/ 達戈紋 (17-18 century) 悠/ 紋 is the weaving pattern  紋. Lower-Upper Catayo (or Etayu by 許's credible account)  -  E - tayu    ē-tayu .    ē  means lower  下   in Hokkien. I believe lower Etayu existed before upper. Whether lower (下 -   ē   in Hokkien ) word ' ē ' has something to do with the original E-thatao (17th century). Possible ... I don't know. Interesting, isn't it. READ 17th Century White Dog Hair, Red Zaitun Flower, Quanzhou Settlers and Plains Indigenous Georgius Candidius and  his wife   Saartje Specx (half Dutch half Japanese)

LONDON - Great Connecting Taiwan for the Cross-Culturally Minded (Anthropology Note 296)

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Beads (put on by servants) and Lily - Symbols of status, Egypt @The British Museum London I have since (2022 after Covid) discovered that LONDON is a great place for connecting Taiwan - for the cross-culturally minded.  Kew Gardens Needless to say, for my own case, an informal visit to Herbarium Library @Kew back in 2022 inspired Dr Cheng and I to co-author ‘ The Story of Taiwan Tea ’ which was published on the 80th anniversary of   ‘The Sinking of Shinsei-Maru.’ ( Commemorating the 80th Anniversary of the Shenjingwan Disaster - The Story of Taiwan Tea Published ) Purchase Note - 'The Story of Taiwan Tea ' link above is our US vendor. For academic purchase (bulk orders) outside Taiwan, substantial discount can be authorized by primary author Dr Cheng. For one copy at a time "authors' copies" now available for academic purchase at a substantial discount plus shipping.  If interested, contact me. Suggested Read Plant Collectors' Notebooks 採集人野帳 - Taiwan's ...