(Proto) Malayo-Polynesian from Indonesia (Part I）

 

Gudeg (translate to "to stir")
originates from the Javanese term hangudeg.

I picked up a few (proto) Malayo-Polynesian words from a week's trip to Indonesia - their presence is on daily basis and in everyday life. 

1. nasi (cooked rice) 
ayam (chicken) tracing back from the Malayic *hayam to the Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.



2. arang (charcol) besi (frying)


3. batu (stone) descendants patu, wato, vato, watu etc



at British Museum London

Japanese identified batu IN linguistic source multiple times in 1930s 

4. kapak (axe)



5. mata (eyes) uang (money) - currency 貨幣


6.  nangka (jackfruit)


7. kacang (peanut)




8. masak (to cook)




9. makanan (to eat) wadah (container)



10. padi (rice) ani ani (cutting knife)




11. benih (seeds) kecil (small)




12. piring (dish)



13. dandang (steamer)



14. kalung (necklace)



15. cetakan (chintz originating in 15th-century India)


16. pisang (banana)



17. bubur (porridge/congee)




18. babi (pig) (I noticed in the safari visit, babi refers to all kinds of 'pigs' either small tusk, large two tusks or like here large four tusks the Javanese wild boar. Whereas in some culture (including Indigenous Taiwanese current use - babi (with linguistic variations) refers to domestic pigs (in particular raised and slaughtered for ritual and ceremony). Another word specifically refers to the large tusks is used for wild boar (this is same with Japanese wild boar tradition and symbolism - power and prosperity).



19. kerbau (water buffalo) carabaos (Filipino: kalabáw) (wikipedia offers a whole lot of 'water buffalo' etymology which I won't include here. These photos were taken from "Indonesia Safari Park II Prigen") 

Note - I am aware of several etymologies yes, but I am posting it anyway.



Banteng (Bos javanicus)  Indigenous to Indonesia.
Known for their "white stockings".

Endangered banṭéng (Indonesia, Malay meaning "wild bull")

20.  jambu (water apple)



21. tangan (hand)


22. buah (fruit)


23. manis (sweet)



FOODWAYS
Globalization - European colonists brought to SE Asia, and many to Southern China through Hokkien traders, before entering Taiwan. 
Medicinal diets - What's worth noting - several of these such as garlic, hot chili pepper were primarily used for their medicinal benefits before culinary. 
"Spice War" The "Spice Islands": The primary theater of the war was the Maluku Islands in eastern Indonesia (historically called the Moluccas), the world's exclusive source of nutmeg and cloves.
Moring glory and green onion (spring onion) essential in SE Asia cuisine.



Cassowary (Malay kasuari) eggs 
The eggs likely represents Cassowary eggs (Cassowary from Malay word  kasuari) 

Papua Indonesia

Bak So 肉燥 (ground pork) # Hokkien origin
Bak (meat) in Hokkien diaspora refers to PORK. 
In Indonesia - Bak So is 'minced meat balls'. (most commonly made with beef)


Taiwan Travelogue  "review" Read HERE. 


Granadilla (Native Mexican/Peruvian passion fruit) : 
A sweeter, milder great to enjoy straight out of the shell. 
Spanish/Portuguese traders brought passion fruits from Meso/South America to SE Asia. 

I had in Indonesia passion fruit EXACTLY the same
in taste, look and sweetness as I had in Peru!


Academic Foodways article 



Inconsistencies I reckon is arbitrary. rice and steamed rice are the same (cooked rice). swine-flesh and pork are of course the same. pisang (banana) for one, pinang for the other.

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