（#tau-people 人-IN) (Proto) Malayo-Polynesian from Indonesia (Part II)




Papua Tanah Damai translates from Indonesian to "Papua, Land of Peace."

In the context of Austronesian languages, tanah means "land," "earth," or "soil". It traces back to the Proto-Malayic word *tanah, which evolved from the Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tanəq. 

In Malay and Indonesian, damai means "peace" or "tranquility". It traces back to the Proto-Austronesian word damay, meaning "peace, empathy, or harmony".

1. Root word for peanut 
land, soil, earth, ground - 土. 土豆 (peanut)





These two set of analysis are questionable (under-analysed),
especially the first one - loanwords diversity, not grammatical development. 




Siraya revitalization (K.A. Adelaar)


2. Possible linguistic connection - people of the land, the soil. #tau - IN - 人- people (1930s Japanese report）




Slit Drum (Austronesian)  - which I saw almost on a daily basis during the entire trip in Java Indonesia (a variety of sizes). I suspect a connection with indigenous 'weaving box' - Atayal, Saisiyat etc. I have read or heard stories of the 'weaving box' versatile functions on a number of occasions - SIMILAR traditions.  







Skin Drum (Polynesian) - I saw Hawaii's and Easter Island's. 



Putu South African ‘crumbly maize meal’ (from Zulu term)
Putu Indonesia (SE Asia) (Sanskrit meaning steam) 
Tutu 嘟嘟Papora (The Kingdom of Middag -dissolved in 1730s)* quite possibly has Malay 'putu' connection. (see HERE note 28)
Tutu for such food is used in Singapore - root word believed to be Putu (Sanskrit/Malay).

Putu (also spelled phuthu) is a crumbly, traditional South African maize-meal porridge. Its name and preparation method derive directly from the isiZulu word uphuthu (meaning a stiff, crumbly porridge) and the Afrikaans putu.
Historically, the term is believed to share linguistic and cultural roots with the South Indian Tamil and Malay word puttu, which refers to a similar steamed, crumbly rice dish. (wikipedia)

Last photo is Indonesia bamboo tube rice (sticky rice). Not exactly crumbly  - it’s a fusion restaurant.






Parang - Sword/Head-hunter's Sword

parang comes from Malay and Indonesian, tracing back to the Proto-Austronesian root *paʀaŋ, meaning "to cleave" or "to chop". (Chop head??)





Ayam means dog (Siraya 17th century)
If George Candidius (17th century) recorded ayam refers to Siraya dogs - Then, what was the word for chicken??
Because European missionary reported Siraya found eating ‘chicken’ disgusting! So what was the word used for ‘chicken’ (disgusting meat) in 17th century’s Siraya language??



https://case.ntu.edu.tw/blog/?p=1217


# ayam mamiang (17th century Siraya) (Chow Chow)
#anjing = dog in Malay (mamiang??)



1. Reference HERE and HERE (Chow Chow ancient dog)
2. Taiwanese natives found Chinese habit of eating chicken quite disgusting! HERE

(Proto) Malayo-Polynesian from Indonesia (Part I) HERE.


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