LINGUISTIC FACTS 'The Qalang Smangus'   is borrowed from 'Territoires dès Sauvages' .  'The Qalang Smangus' is promoted in indigenous (Atayal) language 'The God's Tribe' .  Qalang is borrowed from Chinese words meaning 'fence' 'bamboo fence' and described in Qing document.  Qalang then evolved into meaning territory, guarded land, homeland-related vocabulary in several indigenous languages - Most obvious - Atayal. Others includes Paiwan, Amis and several more expected. Alang (Qalang without a) works in exactly the same way as in Amis. Same borrow. Same Chinese. Same context and usage.  #Atayal#Paiwan#Amis (and others) SOURCE OF ORIGIN This is also Note 122 at HERE (Anthropology Observation IV). Gaga - Koka  國 家 Galang/Qalang - 聚落 land people family state country ancestral ties Gaga Qalang /lyung Squliq (Saisiyat Atayal) Niqan (Qutux Niqan - One Family) There is a (good) possibility these are developed from  Koka 國 家 - observati...

Chicha a traditional, fermented corn drink @Cusco Peru Note 112  Kin/Kim/Ki/Qui/Km  means  Qing (Chinese) 滿清人 Kin/Kim/Ki/Qui/Km  means  Qing (Qing-Manchurian-Chinese)  at Beitou/Keelung/Taoyuan by Ketagalan/Spanish/Atayal 1. Ki-pataw (Beitou)  2. Kim-paoli  金包 里 =  Qing - parian  清包 里 ' China town' - Fuzhou in 17th century Keelung 3. Atayal - Km/Kin - Qing (Qing-Manchurian-Chinese) Note 113 Witch - indigenous interpretation  The Rapa Nui  and The Ketagalan  Volcanic waters (Rano Kau) means Witch's cauldron by the Rapa Nui in Easter Island Beitou known for hotsprings  in  Ketagalan means Witch 女巫 ki-pataw (Spanish Qui-patao). - Ki/Qui for sure means  清 Qing (Chinese)  - pataw (beitou) not sure root word. But almost certainly does not mean 'Chinese witch'! (臺北市北投區的命名，是源自凱達格蘭族語。 清國時期有一群凱達格蘭族人聚居於此，族人以族語「女巫 ki-pataw 」來稱呼當地，於是清國人則以族語「女巫 ki-pataw 」的發音，書寫為「北投社」) Note 114 Cultural vs Genetic DNA I recently ...