'The Qalang Smangus' means 'Territoires dès Sauvages' (Note 122)

 





LINGUISTIC FACTS

'The Qalang Smangus'  is borrowed from 'Territoires dès Sauvages'. 

'The Qalang Smangus' is promoted in indigenous (Atayal) language 'The God's Tribe'. 

Qalang is borrowed from Chinese words meaning 'fence' 'bamboo fence' and described in Qing document. 

Qalang then evolved into meaning territory, guarded land, homeland-related vocabulary in several indigenous languages -Most obvious - Atayal. Others includes Paiwan, Amis and several more expected.

Alang (Qalang without a) works in exactly the same way as in Amis.

Same borrow. Same Chinese. Same context and usage. 
#Atayal#Paiwan#Amis (and others)


SOURCE OF ORIGIN







This is also Note 122 at HERE (Anthropology Observation IV).

Gaga - Koka 國家
Galang/Qalang - 聚落
land people family state country ancestral ties

Gaga
Qalang/lyung
Squliq (Saisiyat Atayal)
Niqan (Qutux Niqan - One Family)

There is a (good) possibility these are developed from 
Koka 國家 - observations by the contexts and usages.
(ga qa ka ...國/家)

Ru 祖 - Check No. 59/60  (Tsou) No. 72 (Truku) 
Same word root. 

-----------------------------------------

Linguist facts - loanwords
None of these words/phrases is indigenous’ nor ‘Austronesian’ 

1. Ko Rwa - black soil - fertile land is Japanese
2. Gong sknux -river - is Hakka/Chinese - Da’ai Hakka founder 姜秀巒
3. Smangus -Atayal founding ancestor - is French meaning Savages
4. Bunch of words of church is Chinese. Such as Kyokay 教會
(My Photos at Smangus)




Kuro - Black



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